PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This orientation not only shines new light on the Bureau's organizational history, but also throws distorting shadows over African American literary. Maxwell describes this orientation as "lit.-cop federalism," an infatuation with text-based activities. Sullivan, a former Massachusetts English teacher and respected student of literature, the FBI's assistant director in the 1960s - he harboured literary ambitions of his own. Hoover was not only interested in collecting books, though, and, like several of the agents he succeeded and appointed - including Robert Adger Bowen, an occasional editor, and William C. Maxwell describes how, through acts of wholesale confiscation, "discrete" subscriptions, and visits to neighbourhood bookstores, the Bureau assembled a systematic collection of black writers' work, "larger than any American peer" (49). In the years between Hoover's appointment to the Justice Department's Radical Division in 1919, through to his death in 1972, the Bureau kept tabs on at least fifty-one prominent black writers. William Maxwell's new study reveals in impressive detail that Hoover and his colleagues read scores of works by black writers, and argues that several writers, such as Ellison, were aware of this fact. Edgar Hoover, the FBI's imperious director, would be among those likely readers. When, in 1954, Ralph Ellison lamented that "too many books by Negro writers are addressed to a white audience," few would have thought J. Edgar Hoover's Ghostreaders Framed African American Literature (Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press, 2015, £19.95).
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